Ethnography : step by step

Ethnography : step by step /

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Sifting through notepads filled with illegible scrawl, listening to hours of tape recordings, labeling and organizing piles of photographs and slides and cross-referencing disks of data are all too familiar pictures to the ethnographic researcher. How does one manage a mountain of data and make mean...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Fetterman, David M.
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage, [1998]
Edition:Second edition.
Series:Applied social research methods series ; v. 17.
Subjects:
Ethnology > Methodology.
Table of Contents:
  • The Problem 3
  • Basic or Applied Role 3
  • Theory 5
  • Research Design: Fieldwork 8
  • Formal Analysis 10
  • The Ethnography 11
  • 2. Walking in Rhythm: Anthropological Concepts 16
  • Culture 17
  • Holistic Perspective 19
  • Contextualization 19
  • Emic Perspective and Multiple Realities 20
  • Etic Perspective 22
  • Nonjudgmental Orientation 22
  • Inter- and Intracultural Diversity 24
  • Structure and Function 25
  • Symbol and Ritual 26
  • Micro- or Macrolevel Study 27
  • Operationalism 29
  • 3. A Wilderness Guide: Methods and Techniques 31
  • Fieldwork 31
  • Selection And Sampling 32
  • Entry 33
  • Participant Observation 34
  • Interviewing 37
  • Survey or Grand Tour Question 40
  • Specific Questions 42
  • Open-Ended or Closed-Ended Questions 43
  • Interviewing Protocols and Strategies 44
  • Key Actor or Informant Interviewing 47
  • Life Histories and Expressive Autobiographical Interviews 51
  • Lists and Forms 53
  • Questionnaires 53
  • Projective Techniques 55
  • Additional Eliciting Devices 56
  • Unobtrusive Measures 57
  • Outcroppings 57
  • Written and Electronic Information 58
  • Proxemics and Kinesics 59
  • Folktales 60
  • 4. Gearing Up: Ethnographic Equipment 63
  • Pen and Paper 63
  • Tape Recorder 64
  • Cameras 65
  • Videotape 68
  • Cinema 69
  • Computers: Laptop and Desktop 70
  • The Internet 72
  • Search, Reference, and Directory Assistance Pages 74
  • Data Collection Software 76
  • Web Pages 78
  • Video- and Audioconferencing 78
  • Data Sharing and Analysis Tools 80
  • Virtual Office and File Sharing 81
  • Database Software 82
  • Printers and Speakers 84
  • 5. Finding Your Way Through the Forest: Analysis 92
  • Thinking 93
  • Triangulation 93
  • Patterns 96
  • Key Events 98
  • Flowcharts 101
  • Organizational Charts 101
  • Matrices 102
  • Content Analysis 102
  • Statistics 103
  • Problems With Statistics 106
  • Crystallization 108
  • 6. Recording the Miracle: Writing 111
  • Research Proposals 113
  • Field Notes 114
  • Shorthand, Symbols, and Mnemonics 114
  • Reconstruction 114
  • Field Note Organization 115
  • Memoranda 117
  • Interim Reports 117
  • Final Reports, Articles, and Books 117
  • Thick Description and Verbatim Quotations 122
  • Ethnographic Present 124
  • Ethnographic Presence 125
  • Ethnographically Informed Reports 126
  • Literature 126
  • Revising and Editing 127
  • 7. Walking Softly Through the Wilderness: Ethics 129
  • The Ethnographer's Role 130
  • Academic and Applied Ethnography 130
  • Academic Ethnographers 130
  • Applied Ethnographers 132
  • Research Life Cycle 136
  • Inception and Prenatal Care: The Problem 136
  • Gestation and Birth: Proposals 137
  • Childhood: Field Preparation 138
  • Adolescence and Adulthood: Fieldwork 138
  • Retirement and Last Rites 145.

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